The most dynamic force in Israeli politics today is the Jewish settlement movement. By nature, it is the fundamental revolutionary element of political Zionism whose continuity pre-empts final status negotiations and increasingly undermines the chances of a political solution to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.
Since Israel’s occupation of the West Bank (including east Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip in the June 1967 War, consecutive Israeli Governments (both Labour and Likud) have embarked on a crusade of relentless colonisation of the occupied territories, in violation of international law; most notably the provisions of the 4th Geneva Convention of 1949 and UN resolutions 242 and 338.
Unconditionally sustained by both political and economic support by the Israeli political establishment since 1967, Israel has constructed a total of 167 settlements in the occupied Palestinian territories; 146 in the West Bank (including 12 major settlements in Palestinian-east Jerusalem), and 21 in the Gaza Strip. Israel’s confiscation of hundreds of thousands of acres of Palestinian land has paved the way for the construction of these illegal settlements.
The population of Jewish settlers throughout the occupied Palestinian territories has reached an alarming total of 416,800 since 1967 (224,224 in the West Bank, 185,000 in east Jerusalem, and 7,576 in the Gaza Strip). Meanwhile, the indigenous Palestinian population of the occupied territories totals 3.8 million (2.4 million in the West Bank and east Jerusalem, and 1.4 million in the Gaza Strip).
While the Israeli Government is on the verge of completing the implementation of its unilateral “disengagement,” it is exploiting the current situation by simultaneously attempting to complete the isolation of east Jerusalem from the rest of the occupied territories, particularly at a time in which international political efforts and global media attention are directed towards the redeployment of Jewish settlers and the Israeli army from the Gaza Strip and parts of the northern West Bank. In effect, Israel is cutting off more than 200,000 Palestinian Jerusalemites from their social, political, and economic livelihood.
Israeli authorities have recently confiscated more than 1,585 dunnums (approximately 400 acres) of Palestinian land in east Jerusalem: 87 dunnums (22 acres) from the Mount of Olives neighbourhood, 477 dunnums (119 acres) from Al-Izariyyah neighbourhood, 809 dunnums (202 acres) from Abu Dis neighbourhood, and 212 dunnums (53 acres) from Al-Sawahra Al-Sharqiyyah neighbourhood.
The confiscated areas are intended to facilitate the continued construction of Israel’s separation wall around Ma’ale Adumim settlement in east Jerusalem, in a clear attempt to significantly expand the settlement and practically incorporate it into the municipal boundaries of the city. In effect, the wall around Ma’ale Adumim will stretch 14 km. deep into the West Bank; annexing a total area larger than the city of Tel Aviv itself.
Through the confiscation of these areas, Israel plans to add 25,000 settlers to Ma’ale Adumim’s existing population, which currently stands at 30,000. Construction is already underway to add 2,100 housing units, which will absorb approximately 10,000 new settlers. The Israeli Government has also approved the construction of an additional 3,500 housing units under the so called “E-1 Plan,” which could absorb an estimated 15,000 settlers.
The construction of the latter (3,500 housing units) had been frozen following a request by the US; however, with the recent confiscation of the mentioned areas, Israel is in defiance of both the Bush Administration and international law.
These dangerous measures will effectively fulfil Israel’s pre-meditated plans to (1) isolate east Jerusalem from the West Bank by encircling the city with settlement structures and the separation wall, (2) put an absolute end to its territorial contiguity with the rest of the Palestinian territories, and (3) tip the demographic balance of Jerusalem in favour of Israel by sustaining a Jewish majority through the incorporation of Jerusalem’s illegal settler population, consequently undermining the Palestinian position in any future negotiations on final status issues.
These developments clearly underline, once again, Israel’s blatant violations of previous agreements, in particular the key provisions of the Road Map, which unequivocally stipulates that neither Israel nor the Palestinian Authority must take unilateral steps that pre-empt final status negotiations, and that Israel must freeze settlement construction and expansion, including natural growth.
Israel’s disengagement from the Gaza Strip should not be carried out at the expense of increased settlement activity in the West Bank. These destructive measures are a clear indication that the Israeli Government is using its disengagement from Gaza as a cover to consolidate settlement construction and expansion in the West Bank, especially in, and around, the city of Jerusalem.
Israel’s attempts to mislead the international community into accepting its legal obligations to withdraw from the Gaza Strip as a “painful compromise” must be exposed; the settlements in Gaza (and the West Bank) should not have been constructed in the first place, they are illegal, and their removal is merely a partial reversal of the atrocities committed by Israel against the Palestinian people throughout the past 4 decades.
A viable Palestinian state cannot be established on fragmented territories in the West Bank (and the Gaza Strip); all of the Gaza Strip and all of the West Bank, including east Jerusalem, are classified as occupied territory under international law, hence their geographical contiguity forms the basis of the future Palestinian state. These latest measures by Sharon’s Government will destroy the very foundations of peace, as the dismantling of Jewish settlements and the return to the June 1967 boundaries are an essential pre-requisite to the two-state solution.
Believing in Jerusalem
Date posted: May 27, 2013
By Joharah Baker for MIFTAH
Last week, Israel barred a UNESCO fact-finding mission from entering the country, charging that the Palestinians had ‘politicized’ the mission before it had even arrived. The mission was tasked with looking into conditions of historical sites in the Old City of Jerusalem, something Israel apparently found to be very threatening.
Looking at the state of Jerusalem’s eastern sector today, it is understandable why Israel would not want UNESCO or anyone else walking around the Old City, especially the Palestinian-populated parts of it. Because anyone who does, will see the devastation that Israel and its settlers have wreaked on one of the oldest and most beautiful cities in the world.
Excavation works are being conducted in and around the Aqsa Mosque to make way for more Jewish construction at the place where Waqf authorities say Ottoman and Abbasid artifacts have long been tucked away. A Muslim graveyard is being dug up just outside the Old City’s Jaffa Gate, to build – ironically – a museum of tolerance. Today, two stores were forcefully taken over by Jewish settlers in Al Hakari, one of the neighborhoods in the Muslim quarter and every day, it seems that more and more homes are either being demolished by Israeli municipality authorities or being taken over by Jewish settlers.
The “Judiazation” of Jerusalem is a term many Palestinians and Arabs use for what Israel is doing in the city. In a nutshell, it is the long-term plan Israel is gradually carrying out to change the Arab Palestinian character of Jerusalem. This means demolishing old and historical structures, displacing Palestinians, handing over their homes to settlers and trying to erase the Palestinian or Arab history of the city.
The sad truth is that, on the surface, Israel has succeeded in this to a large extent. Pockets of Jewish settlers now live in the heart of Muslim quarters and aim to take over more and more. Sheikh Jarrah, one of the more affluent Palestinian neighborhoods of Jerusalem, is now pierced with Jewish flags waving from homes that have been wrestled from their Palestinian owners, and Israel’s light rail train cuts right down through Palestinian neighborhoods outside of the city center. The train, of course, is not meant to service the Palestinian population but rather to connect Jewish neighborhoods and settlements in the city, but the area confiscated from Shufat and Beit Hanina for its construction simply fell into the plan.
What the UNESCO mission would not have seen even if they made it into the Old City is the overall humiliation that the Palestinian population of Jerusalem must endure on a daily basis because of Israel’s military occupation. Trips to the Israeli ministry of interior must be made just to prove that one lives in the city for fear that their residency rights may be revoked; young Palestinian men are stopped randomly by Israeli soldiers to check their ID cards or just to harass them, and settlers are always given the luxury of maximum security whenever they walk the streets. If settlers want to march through the city, the Palestinians are told to close their shops, are barred for hours from reaching their homes if they run along the path of the march and are always the ones blamed if any kind of confrontation between the two sides breaks out.
Jerusalem is being squeezed by these measures more and more each day. But there is always that glimmer of hope, that strength that shines through proving that all is not lost. On Shavuot, Israeli settlers and extremists poured into the Old City, singing loudly, banging on the shop doors and waving huge Israeli flags. The sight was disconcerting to say the least. However, the afternoon of that same day, at Damascus Gate, passersby were met with a completely different scene. Palestinian flags waved in determined Palestinian hands under the threatening eye of heavily armed Israeli police and soldiers. The youths were fearless, demanding freedom, with strong, unrelenting voices.
The sight of the Palestinian flag waving at the entrance to Damascus Gate was a breath of fresh air. All is not lost and never will be because hope is eternal and determination and strength come from a never-ending spring.
That day at Damascus Gate is what all Palestinians must keep in their minds’ eye in spite of the daily oppression of the occupation. No matter how many missions Israel bars from entering or how many houses it takes over, there will always be those brave souls who, despite the risks, will always raise Palestine’s flag.
Joharah Baker is a Writer for the Media and Information Department at the Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy (MIFTAH). She can be contacted at mid@miftah.org.
Let Mohammed rest in peace
Date posted: May 20, 2013
By Joharah Baker for MIFTAH
There is no point falling into the pit of countering the claims being made about the death of Mohammed Al Durra, the 12-year old boy from Gaza whose videotaped killing was seen around the world. The boy, crouching in fear behind is equally afraid father as bullets whizzed around them, was killed admittedly by the Israeli army. Later, the army recanted after investigating the tape, saying Durra was killed by Palestinian fire instead. Well now, Israel is changing its story altogether, saying he was not killed at all. In fact, he was probably not even wounded and the French channel that broadcast the footage and brought some pretty bad rap to Israel, had most likely filmed a charade.
The reason why I will not waste my time countering this claim is that even with the great lengths the Israeli government went to to prove that the boy was never killed, it could not provide any irrefutable proof that Mohammed Al Durra – who would be 25 now – is still alive. No pictures, no testimonies, no hospital or morgue officials giving statements to refute his death, have been provided. Only sketchy information about ‘poor quality footage’ and the fact that it seems as though the boy moved his arm after he had slumped over his father following the explosion.
My point is this: indeed, Mohammed Durra’s death was at least one of the catalysts that fueled the second Intifada, and thus, was an important event in the history of the Palestinians. However, more importantly – most importantly to me –is the fact that this is about a boy who died in sheer terror, with his distraught father futilely trying to shelter him from the barrage of bullets coming their way.
Mohammed Al Durra was a boy, with a life, a family and friends. He died a horrible death and now he is being made to die a second one. I did not know Mohammed or his family, but I can only imagine how awful it must be for them to read these claims now and feel the pain of losing their child all over again. If nothing else, this is disrespect for human life of the worst kind.
Some may postulate that the rehashing of the Durra case is a personal jab at the French cameraman who shot the footage, Charles Enderlin. Perhaps. But as a Palestinian who has seen the pain endured by numerous families who receive the horrible news that their sons or daughters have been killed by the Israeli army, my concern is for his family and for his memory. He should be left to rest in peace. If Israel has axes to grind with French journalists or with the international community for holding it accountable for its actions, then so be it. Israel is not lacking in the public relations department.
That being said, there is just one decent thing left to do. Leave Mohammed Al Durra and his memory alone.
Joharah Baker is a Writer for the Media and Information Department at the Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy (MIFTAH). She can be contacted at mid@miftah.org.
Recognition and justice is our demand
Date posted: May 13, 2013
By Joharah Baker for MIFTAH
This week Palestinians will commemorate Al Nakba, the catastrophe that befell the Palestinian people when Israel was founded. Every year, Palestinians hang placards pointing to the right of return, they carry keys symbolizing the homes they were forced to leave and could not return to and remember the Palestine that was lost to them 65 years ago.
This year will be no different. Every May 15, Palestinian recall their catastrophe and demand justice. They demand that they are granted the right of return for those who were made refugees virtually overnight and were then relegate to a life they did not choose. But more than anything, they demand recognition of the tragedy that befell them rather than a denial that it ever happened, or worse, that it was of their own making.
It has been 65 years since Israel was established in 1948, which means those who were cast into exile are either very old or have long passed. Those who experienced the Nakba are now few and far between, clinging to those few precious memories of a small garden in front of their house in Jaffa or of the salty smell of the sea in their neighborhood in Haifa. The rest of us are either descendants of these refugees or ordinary Palestinians who feel their cause is our cause because we are one people.
But the Palestinians have made one thing clear. The refugee issue will not die with the last refugee. It is felt nationwide, the loss, the injustice and the fact that those who were forced from their homes have mostly passed, longing for their beloved homes.
We cannot turn back time. What was lost has been altered, destroyed, changed or taken over by Israel’s newcomers. What we can do is hold on to the right to be recognized, for the injustice to be rectified in word and deed and for Palestine to never be lost in our minds or hearts.
Joharah Baker is a Writer for the Media and Information Department at the Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy (MIFTAH). She can be contacted at mid@miftah.org.
